Getting Started with Options (Week 5 of 12)

well good morning everyone welcome to

getting started with options my name is

Barbara Armstrong I am a coach with

Schwab delighted that you have all taken

time out of your busy days to join me

and today we're talking about a strategy

that when I first heard about it I

thought it was crazy I you know I why

would anybody in the right mind trade

this strategy and I now I've got to

admit it's one of my favorite strategies

to talk about it's called a buy right

covered call and this is a strategy

where we're buying a  shares of stock

and then we're selling a covered call

above it and and why you know my first

thought was why would we want to do that

you know if I'm buying a stock I'm

bullish why would I want to cap how much

I can make by selling a covered call and

it was Cameron May who first said to me

because you could make a return if you

did this with the intention of being

called out of maybe

perhaps  to five or % or maybe even

more in a  to -day time frame of

course you could lose money as well but

you know and I thought okay well you now

have my officially have my attention and

so you we can use pyite covered calls

for an you know a number of different

reasons of which the kind of scenario

I've just described can be one um and

that's what we're going to you know

focus on today so to all of you who have

are joining us live today I want to

welcome you and thank you for joining us

hello to Ken and CLC tician and Jeff and

Wade and um Erica and NES and Rhonda and

Scott and Doug and the rest of the gang

thank you all for being here we also

have Mike Fairbourn with us in the chat

he actually teaches a class on Mondays

dedicated to covered calls by rights and

short puts so if you find the strategy

interesting you're going to want to

check out um Mike's class on Mondays um

because you know he it teaches that on a

weekly basis where we covered this

strategy once in a -week series um if

you're watching this in the archives and

you have questions you can type those in

down below I do look at those on a daily

basis and of course if you're with us

live today between Mike and I um if you

type something into the chat we should

be able to answer your questions um I if

you are brand new and joining us for the

very first time feel free to type a

greeting into the chat we link arms

together every Tuesday at High Noon and

we are figuring this stuff out together

so we are delighted that you have joined

us okay so know that um both Mike and I

are on X formerly known as Twitter and

we're you know giving you an invitation

to follow us there we're posting

information that you hope we hope you

will find helpful and informative on a

daily basis Mike's handle is at Mike

Fairbourn Cs and mine is at Barb

Armstrong CS so feel free to

um uh follow us there um know that

options involve risk and are not

suitable for all investors also know

that short options when we're selling a

call that is a short option they can be

assigned at any time up until expiration

regardless of how far they are in the

money and if that sounds confusing to

you um don't worry about it I'll just

we'll go over this in detail during the

class today now one of the differences

we're going to use the paper money

platform on thinker swim it's a

brilliant place I think to learn and

hone your skills but um in paper money

there are a few differences one is that

short options will never be assigned

early in paper money and that can happen

in a live account um when we put a stop

loss order in on a position it is not a

guarantee that we'll necessarily get out

at um the price we have requested uh you

know if the stock were to gap down we

could end up out at a lower price and

it's important that we understand that

know that past performance of a security

or strategy or a stock um doesn't

guarantee future results or

success I've designed this to be taught

in a -week rot rotation and when I'm

as many of you know a product of this

education I first discovered this back

in

and I went through through the

course and um and you know I really love

this opportunity to go through

strategies one at a time and the idea is

at the end of  weeks not that you'll

be an expert in any of them but that

you'll have had enough of an

introduction to each strategy that

you'll know which one might be most

interesting for you to develop more

competency in and and here's where we

are today um and don't think like ooh

I'm here for the first time and and

congratulations to um Ros Alba and and

several of you who are here for the

first time um you know I am not assuming

that you've done any of the previous

classes but I will put a link into the

show notes to this entire Series so if

you want to do some binge learning you

can go back and start at the top with

the intro to options and then you know

truck on through if you have a smaller

account you might find these credits

spread strategies really interesting and

debit spread strategies IND uh pretty

interesting you know if you have say a

$, account starting out this

strategy would you know be possible for

very few stocks for you um and so you

might want to start out if you're

building your giant Heap with things

that require less capital and if you

know you already have you know a larger

account and maybe some money sitting in

cash that you wouldn't mind putting to

work you know you might say like hey

this is the strategy I want to focus on

it depends on what your goals are and

and how much money is in your account

how much time you want to spend looking

at the markets all of these things and I

talk about that in this very last thing

in the series The things I wish I had

known when I got started you know and

one is having a goal and then being

honest about how much time okay all

right so let me just wipe my slate clean

here

we

go and get down to our topic for today

which is these byright covered calls so

what we're going to do today is we're

going to have a look at you know what

the strategy is so that if you're brand

new to all of this you're not kind of

looking at it and going like okay I

don't even know where to start so we're

going to Define what it is we're going

to walk through you know some potential

entry signals

um and then we're going to look at

expiration dates and what kind of price

we might want to sell our covered call

at which is our strike price we're going

to discuss some trade management and

when we might want to close this

strategy down and then we're going to

place a couple of example trades so

that's what's on the menu for

today okay so what is a Buri covered

call well it is a strategy where we are

looking to at the same time so in one

Fell Swoop we are going to buy stock and

sell a call option on that stock and

what does it mean when I sell a call

like what am I getting myself into when

I sell a call well when I sell a call I

am obligating myself to sell these

shares and typically it's a

shares

um at the strike price at any time up

until expir up until expiration so if we

have a stock that's been

uptrending and and it and it comes back

and it looks like it's going to continue

up trending we might say you know what

right now it's sitting at

$ and I going to come up

here and sell a call

at  or at

so and and and what I am saying when

you know when a Trader places this trade

they are saying I am willing to sell you

a  shares of this stock at $ a

share okay and and you might get paid $

for that

call so if you get paid $ and it goes

up and you might think well I think it's

going to go up but it's not likely to go

above  because it'll probably get up

there and then pull back a little bit

but if it does go through your strike

and you end up being called out um how

much can you make if it goes up to

$ you're going to still you're you're

obligating yourself to sell at  so

you're putting a cap on your potential

gain but if you buy the stock at  and

sell it at  you'd make $ there and

then you'd make $ here so you could

make maybe $ and this is just a madeup

example you know and and on an

investment of  $ to begin with if you

could make $ that's over

% now this number is likely to be you

know it could be in the  and a half%

range or the

% range maybe up to % if it's a stock

that has

um more volatility and and so the

options um tend premiums tend to be

higher um and so this is but this is the

concept and so some people might do this

strategy as a shortterm income

generating strategy with the goal of

being what I call run over or with the

goal of being called out or with the

goal of selling a call where you do not

you know where you think the stock will

go through and and it's a shortterm

strategy I say this is a dating strategy

you're not looking to get married this

is I'm going to go on a few dates we'll

see how it works out and then we may

wave goodbye and never see each other

again and if it works out nicely you

know maybe we we'd consider doing this

again okay yeah and Chuck is saying you

know like hey if I can make % or if I

could make % in in a couple of months

I'd be a happy

camper and so but when you look at your

numbers you want to be sure that you're

okay with that number and with being

called out now what if it comes back

this way it goes up and maybe it goes

through your strike and comes back and

and come close to expiration it's no

longer above  let's say it's at

well in that case it is likely that

you would not be exercised it's possible

but then you'd still have the stock at

and you get to keep your $ so you

could then choose to just exit the

position or you could say well I've now

made $ by selling this call and it

expired worthless or maybe you bought it

back for  cents or  cents so you've

made some money there now the stock is

trading a little higher and could you

then go out and sell another call at

maybe you know

you know or you could sell the

call

again and so we're going to go out and

we're going to look at some examples and

now what if let's go through all the

scenarios what if this thing doesn't go

according to plan and it really starts

tanking some bad news comes out well in

the event of that you might say you know

what just in in case that happens I'm

going to put a stop here so let's say

you put a stop loss and you get out at

your stop let's say your stop is around

well you'd end up down on that

position you know if you bought in at at

or sorry I'm not drawing my

numbers right here so if we bought at

if we put our stop below here let's say

our stop is at

um you know as long as it you know

doesn't go we got paid $ for this call

so this would be our break

even around

um somebody's asking if it if it has

to be  shares typically yes a

standard option contract is  shares

and I'll show you that on the option

chain and we're also going to to do an

example where we put a stop in and

calculate how much we could potentially

lose keeping in mind that you know if it

gap down we could end up losing more

than that but before we go out to the

charts you know what are some things we

want to think about well one that early

assignment can happen at any time now

have I seen that happen

yes and um you know was it an unhappy

situation actually it worked out well

and why is that because we were we had

placed the trade with the goal of being

called out and by being called out early

we just got our Max gain

faster and so you know being assigned

early isn't always a bad thing if that

was your goal to to to have it go

through the strike and and end up

selling your stock position so that can

happen also you want to be aware of

upcoming events so some people as part

of their trading plan for this strategy

might say I'm not going to trade this

over earnings because if you've been

watching the earning season sometimes

things can Gap up and sometimes they can

gap down now if they Gap up or not so as

concerned if we're looking at this as a

shorter term dating strategy but if it

gaps down we could end up losing more

than we were

intending and so some might choose to

avoid doing this strategy over earnings

because of that um now when I I

mentioned if the volatility is

higher um if the volatility is higher um

premiums tend to be

higher so you know it it becomes a more

attractive

strategy and we want to stay alert to

risks um you know and some people may

consider this a risk some may not but

you know as a short-term trading

strategy this you know can have tax um

implications and and and I don't talk

about taxes in this class but you may

want to um talk to your accountant about

that okay so those are some

considerations so and again what's the

risk well the risk is we might have to

sell the stock now we've already talked

about that also we're putting a cap on

how much we can make and so if the stock

gapped up um you know we have a cap on

on how much we can make but if before we

get in we say we're okay with that %

return or % or whatever that may be

then there's no crying in your beer

because you know you only made % in for

or  days right um and you know it

the price of the stock can fall it can

gap down and you know we we're getting a

little bit of relief from the the call

that we sold but if we don't have an

exit in place in particular and if it

were to gap down you know we we could

take um a hit there okay and we've

already talked about the fact that the

short options they can be assigned at

any time so there's the downside so

what's the upside is that it can be an

income generating

strategy um and you know it it maybe

there's some other strategies that can

be more lucrative um you know but we're

going to calculate what that potential

income mate might be before we place the

trade and you know for some a benefit is

that if we don't get called out it can

reduce the break even of the stock

purchase so you know if if we were

looking at selling that  call and we

got paid $ for it and the stock was

trading at  three then our you know

it's saying you know our break even we

could look at it a  I'm not saying

that's how your accountant would look at

it but that's how some Traders might

look at it um and and if you plan on

getting assigned you know it's kind of

like setting a

Target um only you're looking to get

some additional premium to sell it at

that Target but there isn't a guarantee

even if it goes through the Target that

you will be called

out okay

so there's some more things to think

about and I know that for some of you if

you're new to options are new to this

strategy it may seem a little abstract

but we're going to get there and then

this is for those of you who are visual

this just shows you what our break even

is and you know and then our Max gain so

if we're called out our gain is you know

and we're going to look at at live

examples of these it's the difference

between our strike and the price we paid

to get into the trade plus the credit

received and in our Max loss the way the

system calculates that is the break even

if the stock was to go to zero so we are

owning

stock yeah and and it could go to zero

is it likely to go to zero in  to

days no but it you know is it is it

technically possible it is and even if

you put a stop in the system is going to

calculate The Break Even This Way okay

um okay so that's

that so if we look at and remember I

talked about a trading plan and and we

talk about example trading plans and and

those need to have four basic components

and I'm not saying there can't be other

things but it's what to buy when to buy

how much to buy or position sizing and

then when to exit and when to exit

includes whether the trade goes for you

or against

you okay so you know what are we looking

for well to start out so this is kind of

our our what to buy list and that would

be we're looking for stocks that are

either going sideways or with this idea

of being called out

uptrending so we're looking for a stock

that's

uptrending or it could be going in a

sideways range

and you know this is you know the when

this is part of the when to buy here is

you know we're looking and it depends on

if you're doing this with the intention

of being called out so you know if it's

approaching resistance and you're

looking and let me draw this is another

way of looking at it so if you had

something going sideways like this

when it comes up here we could sell a

call

here and we talked about this last

week and and this is this idea of when

it's approaching resistance and bouncing

off and we have a close below the low of

the high day and then if it comes back

down here we could then buy it back and

then sell another one when it comes up

here and we might even buy the stock

when it's up here

um you know or if you buy the stock here

you could kind of leg into that strategy

but the other idea and this is a

different set if you have a flag you're

we're we're looking for a close above

the high of the low

day and we're looking for something that

is bouncing off support just let me

change my drawing tool

here so it's we want something sorry

bouncing off support so this is more

bullish this is uptrending we're looking

for something bouncing off support we're

looking for you know that close above

the high of the of the low day and we're

looking for stocks that have higher

trading

volume and why is that because you know

we're not buying well we are buying the

stock we're buying  shares of stock

and then we want the options to have

high trading volume and so some might

say it's part of their trading plan you

they want it to be a million shares a

day or more on average and and some

might make that number

higher okay um and we want the options

to have a higher trading volume and and

that open interest on our option chain

is how many contracts were on the books

when the market opened today volume is

how many contracts have traded today and

so you know we might some people don't

even have this as part of their trading

plan and and that's I mean it's your

trading plan you can make it whatever

you want or some say I want it to be if

I'm doing one contract I want there to

be at least  contracts on the books

and and others why might they not have

this they might say well I just look at

this and if this is acceptable then

chances are I've got the trading volume

I need and why do we care about trading

volume because we want there to be a

market if and when we decide to exit the

trade so it gives us liquidity and this

tight bid ask the market maker makes a

little bit for every buyer he matches up

with a seller and we don't want to pay

him any more than we have to and so we

want this number to you know as an

example be less than % some might say

% I'd like it to be less than five

like again just an idea on what a rule

might look like okay so let's go out and

oops I thought I had blows my drawing

tool down let's go out to the

platform and you know this is an idea of

a bullish strategy now we're going to

change our account and we have a an

account that has about , in it and

so you know if we look at caterpillar

this is a more expensive stock so some

might say well I wouldn't want to trade

this particular stock because it's too

expensive I have a smaller

portfolio um and so this is where you

know some investors so someone is saying

here how is this better than doing a

long call vertical it's not better it's

just a different

strategy and and you know if you had a

smaller account that's where some might

say well I can't afford to do a buy

right because I don't have that much

money in my account so maybe I could use

the long call vertical strategy and that

might kind of inform your decision but

today we're talking about this strategy

and looking at an account where we could

buy uh you know a  shares and so but

would there be enough premium for it to

be worth our while and so if we look at

this if we come out to the trade Tab and

we say okay we had a recent High here of

almost

and I was looking at this ahead of

time so if we came out to the April

monthlies you know does this trade a

million shares a day well we're already

at , and we have four hours left

to go in our trading day you know if I

look at yesterday how many shares did we

trade a million five the day before a

million  so on average it certainly

trades more than a million shares a day

so check um is this stock up trending

check do we have um you know a bounce

here you know this is kind of a bull

flag pattern yes we

do

so you know and and we may not quite

have a close above the high of the low

day yet but it's um heading in that

direction now some might wait for that

and others might say I'm okay with this

pattern now it's at

: um right now that's what it's

trading at so what if we came out and

said you know it if we think this is up

trending we could either sell the

which gives us about you know this

Delta tells us that we have if this

stock goes up a dollar the value of this

option will go up by

a lot of people will use this as an

indication of the probability of this

stock being above  come

expiration and and so they use it just

kind of as a as a guesstimate but we

have , contracts here we're only

going to do one so is that times it is

now the next question is would we make

enough if we sold the  or we could

look at the  for it to be worth our

while and are we okay with owning the

stock okay so if we look at this and we

say we rightclick and on this platform

it's buy covered

stock so if I looked at this  and you

know it's at

how much could we make well the

most we could make is the difference

between what we're paying to get in and

the strike at which we would have to

sell it so if we look at this and we say

okay that's

is the most we could make if we were

called out and then we're going to

subtract this

oops

minus

so the most we could make is

$. on a

$

investment so that would be

.% and so some might say you know what

.% in  days I I'd be happy about

that you know I'm I'm okay with that now

others might say well I see this as

uptrending and you know just a couple of

days ago it was at

why wouldn't we consider selling

the  strike and we could do that

too and so if we looked at that we could

say okay how about we change this

strike to  now the likelihood of

being called out is going to go down by

how much you know it's going to go down

to about

% and we're going to receive less of a

credit you know if we sell this but the

amount we could make is now you know

$ on a

$

investment oops  divided by

so that's .% but the likelihood of

our achieving that is going to be

less and if it doesn't go through this

strike then we're going to get to keep

this  to  um but it's going to be

certainly less than the  to

, okay so but let's let's just go

with this example and then we can see

how it works out um now if we put a stop

in place where might we put a stop loss

order and how would we put that in in

well if we kind of come in what I like

to call a little more up close if we

look at this recent low which was

yesterday and say yesterday's low was

if it goes % below that that's

probably not heading in the right

direction because this was an old

resistance it seems to be acting as a

new support if it breaks that perhaps we

exit our position so we're going to look

at that

and multiply that by

and that's where we're going to put

our stop in at

so if we put in an exit at

how much can we make on this well

the most we can

make if it goes through and we are

called out and we might not wait that

long like if if this start were to

really take off and we had  to % of

our Max gain we might say you know what

we're happy with that and we're going to

exit so here's our Max gain is $ a

share that's our potential Max gain and

I'm rounding a bit it's a little over

at the

moment and how much could we lose if we

put our stop at

and we're getting in at

we could lose about $ a share or

$, now in this half million doll

account um we originally said it I think

we don't want to lose more than half of

% so that would be  so is a th

less than that it is so we would be okay

with taking that much risk okay so how

do we put that stop in because we don't

just want to sell the stock we also need

to buy back this call so we're going to

come down here to single order make it a

first trigger sequence and then we're

going to come to these green lines and

anywhere on this green line we're going

to rightclick and create an opposite

order and then we don't know exactly

what that um call will be worth so we

are going to make it a market order

that's good till cancelled and we're

going to click this little sprocket

which brings up a conditional order and

we're going to say hey if caterpillar

goes at or

below

we want to exit this

position and then when we come down here

it says y if this stock goes at or below

we want to sell when we come to

confirm and

send it will

say how much could we make the most we

can make on this tra is

$, and how much could we lose well

if caterpillar were to go to zero we

have paid

$ a share so we would be out

$, you'll notice that it doesn't

take our request to exit the position at

into account in calculating this Max

loss and again you know you always want

to read th this print highlighted in red

with a stop order there isn't any

guarantee that we'll get out at at the

price we've we have requested so we're

going to put this in

our byright covered call group and you

know we can follow up on that um in

upcoming classes now if you wanted to do

another example we could look at one

that's a little less

expensive so that exit would both sell

our stock and buy back our option at the

market price it would trigger a market

order jod you're % correct let me

just look at the

questions yeah

[Music]

um I answered that

one what if the stock continues to run

up and the call expires

out of the money you would lose your

premium if the stock runs up goes up it

would go through your strikes so the

call would be in the money and you have

sold this um if it's in the money at

expiration the probability is very very

high that you would be called out and

have to sell the stock if it is like

let's say on this one at new tanx let's

say we

sold the

if it's below  at expiration

chances are the call would expire

worthless which isn't a bad thing from

your perspective because you get to then

keep that entire premium and you still

own the stock so let's say at expiration

let's say we've sold our covered call

here at

so if we've sold our covered call at at

this

price and it expires let's say it's come

up let me just get my drawing

tool so

whoops so it's come

up and then it's maybe gone through and

come expiration it expires here well

let's say it's at  well you've still

made some money in that the stock is

trading higher than it was here but it

it it's not above  so chances are

somebody would prefer to buy it in the

open market for  rather than buy it

from you for

and if you got paid two bucks for

that you'd get to keep the $ a share

plus you'd still own the stock so I hope

that makes

sense okay now yeah and you can look at

different time frames some people like

to do these with a very shortterm um

time frame others might you know go out

a little bit further and so if we look

at nanic which is a tech stock which has

been certainly outperforming the market

for the last um year if we look at this

you know we have high volatility here so

if we look at this   strike and we

only have monthly options but we get

paid about $ well $ on $ is % so

that number is probably

% plus it's at  so if we sold this

you know what would our Max gain be

well  minus  so

minus

that would be a potential Max gain of

you know on an investment of  so

that's probably  or % I'm just

guessing divided by

you that's

% and you know when we look at this

it's the saying well we've only got a

you know and and we can actually come

out here and we can customize this and

we could add

probability of being in the money as a

category so you know what's the

probability of this being in the money

at

expiration um

% that's why I said if we use Delta

it's just kind of a guesstimate so we

have a % chance of being called out we

have a % chance of keeping the stock

and the

premium you know so so it it's you know

if we sold this  our our probability

of being called out is higher and then

if we add one more column the one we

could add would be probability of it

touching so what's the likelihood of it

coming up to that strike even if it

doesn't end up in the money at

expiration we've got a % chance of it

coming up to  between now and April

th so we we could be called out and we

could be called out at any time and so

if you wanted to do another practice you

could then calculate well where might I

put my stop loss and go from

there okay so let me just see I'm if

I've got any new questions I should

address yeah and if we wanted you know

the probability to be higher we could

sell that  and you know it's in kind

of The Middle of the road and maybe it's

more likely to be run

over okay and so I had calculated a stop

ahead of

time

at if we went % below here which gives

it a lot of room to move and some might

say well I'd want it to be % below this

number but if you wanted to see another

practice and I'll do this quickly

because um you know our time really does

fly in this class if if our stop was at

we're risking you know about

$ or

$ in order to have an opportunity to

make how much to make about you know

well if that's  to make

okay okay so we're going to go single

order first trigger sequence rightclick

create an opposite order and we're going

to put this one in again a market order

because we don't know what that option

would be worth we're going to say if

this goes

below

get us

out and again you might want to make

that stop higher you know this is you

know these are are your um you know

example trades and it's just an idea

okay so we're buying one covered call so

one stock  shares with one call on

new tanex how much are we spending

, how much could we lose

, now we have a stop at

. you know so that's you know about

$ I'm just kind of ballparking it most

we can make

again you want to read the stuff in

red at the bottom it's important

stops don't guarantee we'll get out at a

certain

price oh you know sometimes I get

these um glitches in this paper money

account but I'll put this in after the

class okay so guys that is our two

example trades let's go back and wrap

things up

so um you know we've got lots of choices

on which strike to choose the closer the

strike is to where it's currently

trading the higher the probability of

being called out the further out we go

um the more we'll be paid but the longer

we're in the trade and some Traders will

base their position size on a Max loss

others will base their position size you

know on the size of the position and and

some accounts they take some Traders

will take both of those things into

account and and you know some will say

hey if it loses a certain percentage

we've put a stoploss in place and we say

hey if it goes down this much we'd like

to exit some might say well if that call

has lost most of its value um you might

just buy it back and close it out some

might roll the call out to another

expiration and then try it and roll it

up and we can discuss that um and I'm

sure that Mike Fairbourn discusses that

in his class um on Monday days and and

you might just want to close out the

entire position and if you hold it to

expiration and the call is in the money

it is likely that you would be assigned

and end up selling your stock it's not a

guarantee but it it's highly likely so

this is what we've covered now I just

want to take a second and just go back

and and review our disclosures so I

don't want to give you whiplash here but

we're going to go back because I had a

feeling that one of our disclosures

there we go didn't show up I skipped

right over it and and so just keep in

mind that options do carry a high level

of risk they aren't suitable for all

investors if you want to trade options

with Schwab you have to apply for option

trading Privileges and not all will

qualify um there are transaction fees

when we um trade an option it's  cents

for the call that we sold and then if we

buy it back it's  cents for the call

when we buy it back um you know that

covered calls on their own provide

limited downside protection it's limited

to the credit that we received um and

you know we use the paper money platform

on thinker swim and it you know we don't

get to practice being called out early

um because that won't happen in paper

money but it it can happen in a live

account and know that all investing

involves risk including the risk

principal so as we wrap I have three

asks of you so one is that you hit the

Subscribe button especially if you're

new if you want to be able to come back

and find this again this makes it easy

it also makes it very easy to go and do

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last but not least you'll want to follow

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their handle and I'll I'll get them shut

down so guys that's a wrap for today

thank you for showing up thanks to Mike

Fairbourn for answering all those

questions in the chat you guys were

awesome um if you're watching this in

the archives feel free to leave a

comment down below and I will respond

have a great day everyone up next is

trading flag patterns with Mr Ben Watson

he's an awesome coach you won't want to

miss it take care everyone bye for

now